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THE THREE CHURCHES AT EMMAUS were explored in the 1920s by Dominican priest Louis-Hugues Vincent. His drawing depicts his findings with the dates he considered accurate. The large southern basilica (black lines) he dated prior to 529. The smaller, northern church (blue) he considered to be of a later construction. The Crusader church (12th century, red) was built upon the remains of the Byzantine basilica, which in turn was built over the remnants of a Roman house (green). The current excavators now date the northern church prior to 430 because they found a mosaic decorated with crosses (which were banned by Emperor Theodosius that year) and a coin from the reign of Emperor Elagabalus (218–222 A.D.).